So I have problems talking to people. I can carry a decent conversation fine enough, it's just that I'm a total coward when it comes to social situations as is. I know that people don't need a reason to talk to strangers out of the blue but even knowing this, I don't understand that basic principle. In all honesty it terrifies me.
So what I need to know is, what are good conversation openers? I'm a bit lonely and seeing people going around with strong social bonds and each day as I see them I wonder what kind of life am I leading all alone when even the most jackassed of people can have intense social circles and lead more satisfying lives? So I don't want to come off as too strong or clingy. I just want something that will establish an interest in forming a bond but not becoming immediate BFFs.
I was in a similar position to you at the beginning of college. Making conversation is really just about asking questions and following up on them. If the other person can't respond with their own questions they are either lost in thought (like y.t.-- sorry to everyone I've ever talked to) or just rude.
For people attending school:
What clubs are you in? What classes are you taking? What's your major?
For people in general:
So, what do you do? (this is old and cliched but still legit) Or if they are doing/wearing something distinctive ask them about it.
You might be tempted to ask something more specific to what drives you personally, but that's not the way you establish interest in someone. I sometimes jump to my favorite subjects after 10 minutes of chat though.
There are also the basic clichés such as "how are you" or the weather at the moment. Or like >>2 said, if there's anything particularly noticeable about the other person (e.g. a witty t-shirt), make a comment about it.
When I start a conversation with someone I don't know well but have reasons to become acquainted with (e.g. new classmates), I just start talking about whatever is on my mind, as long as this is something the other person could relate to. Like, "Did you read the literature for today? I thought it was boring."
See also:
http://www.wikihow.com/Start-a-Conversation-When-You-Have-Nothing-to-Talk-About
http://www.wikihow.com/Start-a-Conversation-with-a-Stranger
http://www.wikihow.com/Come-up-With-Good-Conversation-Topics
http://www.wikihow.com/Have-a-Great-Conversation
an easy way is to just find someone who has some similarity with you. like >>3 said, class related topics are easy. or, if you sit nearby someone, a conversation is bound to start. most people like to talk, so if they say something you could just respond.
an easy one for me is if i find a person with a similar interest, a conversation starts easily.
a different method entirely is just joining a club
but of course, no matter what method you use, it is affected by the people you use it on. if that person is a total asshole, then it wont work. if that person is nice, it probably will.
in short, you will make friends unless you live under a rock :D